Scielo RSS http://scielo.isciii.es/rss.php?pid=0213-616320140001&lang=en vol. 28 num. 1 lang. en http://scielo.isciii.es/img/en/fbpelogp.gif http://scielo.isciii.es http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0213-61632014000100001&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the discriminant and convergent validity of the Personality Inventory for Children revised version (PIC-R) with respect to DSM-IV Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD; n = 21), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD; n = 22) and non-patient controls (NC; n = 42). Methods: The study was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted in Trondheim, Norway, with children between 9-13 years old, referred to an university outpatient clinic. Results: One way ANOVA with bonferroni post hoc test showed significant differences between ODD and GAD groups on 8 PIC-R scales, between the GAD and NC groups on 9 PIC-R scales and between ODD and NC groups on all PIC-R scales excluding the intellectual screening scale. Multigroup discriminant analysis (MDA) was performed to discriminate between the groups on a data driven basis. It identified two discriminant functions as important in differentiating between the three groups. These functions were able to correctly identify 92.2 % of the cases. Conclusions: The results indicate that specific PIC-R profiles have high discriminant and convergent validity for distinguishing GAD, ODD and NC groups. The PIC-R seems to be a useful screening tool in paediatric and neuropsychological settings. http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0213-61632014000100002&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en Background and Objectives: To develop a self-assessment screening questionnaire (SQ-CH), with image illustrated criteria to easily identify collagen anomalies and to assist Hypermobility's evaluation in a Spanish sample. Methods: One hundred ninety one participants were recruited form an anxiety outpatient unit of a general university hospital and from a primary care setting, underwent a complete and rigorous evaluation of hypermobility. First, all participants completed the self-reported measures for the screening of Hypermobility Syndrome, the 7 self-reported items in y/n format aiming to validate (SQ-CH) and the 5 item self-reporting questionnaire of Hakim and Grahame (2003). Secondly, each of the participants was individual assessed by a trained clinician on the Beighton and Hospital del Mar evaluation for the diagnosis of Joint Hypermobility Syndrome. Results: Significant correlations were found between the SQ-CH and the Beighton and Hospital del Mar scales as well as with the 5-item self-reporting questionnaire. Results on temporal stability, specificity and sensitivity of the SQ-CH were satisfactory, and the best cut-off point was set at 3 positive items (i.e. answered affirmatively). Conclusions: The developed screening questionnaire for hypermobility (SQ-CH) is, to our knowledge, the first self-assessment questionnaire to evaluate the symptoms of the joint hypermobility syndrome in a Spanish population. It has shown good validity and good reliability and is therefore ready for its use as a screening tool to assess this collagen condition in all sort of potential suffers, particularly, patients suffering from anxiety. http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0213-61632014000100003&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en Background and Objectives: The relationship between trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and psychosis has promoted heterogeneous research lines, in both etiopathogenic and nosological areas. The main aim of this review is to provide a systematic framework that encompasses this theoretical gap in the literature. Methods: A literature research was carried out through PubMed and PsycINFO between 1980 and May 2013. One hundred and thirteen articles were recruited. A first part of this review describes the role of trauma in the development of psychosis. The second part focuses on research about PTSD and psychosis. Results: Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies with clinical and community samples confirm that childhood trauma (CT) is a vulnerability factor for schizophrenia and psychotic-like symptoms in adulthood. More empirical research is needed in order to assess the role of trauma as precipitant of acute psychosis. There is also preliminary evidence with cross-sectional samples that suggests that PTSD and psychosis are a risk factor for each other, with studies about post-psychotic PTSD (PP-PTSD) being outstanding. Finally, results from different comparative research studies postulate a subtype of PTSD with psychotic features (PTSD-SP). Conclusions: The role of trauma in psychosis is more conclusive as predispositional rather than as trigger factor. Nosological status of acute psychoses remains a focus of controversy unresolved. The association between PTSD and psychosis is complex, requiring more prospective research in order to determine causal relationships between these pathologies. Also, research in nosological status of PTSD-SP must encourage more comparative studies not limited to neurobiological variables. http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0213-61632014000100004&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en Background and Objectives: Economic adverse conditions are acknowledged as having a major impact on the exacerbation of mental disorders and suicides. The severity of current European crisis and the local unrelenting spending is affecting largely the economy of Greece. Methods: The aim of this study was to explore changes in suicides and their possible association with macroeconomic and behavioural factors. Data for the period 1990-2011 were drawn mainly from the Hellenic Statistical Authority and Eurostat. Suicide mortality rates were correlated with economic and behavioural factors. Results: Suicide mortality rates were increased by 55.8% between 2007 and 2011 while the total mortality was increased by 1.1% only. Significantly increasing trends in public debt, unemployment rates, consumption of daily units of antidepressants as well as divorces per 1000, homicides per 100,000 and persons with HIV per 100,000 were also observed. Suicides have been found to bear strong correlation with unemployment (r. 0.64). Significant associations were also found between suicide mortality and the percentage of public debt as percentage of GDP, the incidence of infections from HIV and homicides. Conclusions: People suffering from income and job losses, living in a demoralized social state caused by severe austerity measures and restrictive health policies, are exposed to risks for developing depression or commit suicide. http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0213-61632014000100005&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en Background and Objectives: The assessment of wellbeing is a top priority in health sciences. The aim of this paper is to review the history of the concept of wellbeing and "Quality of Life" (QoL), and to understand the theories and assumptions that guided this field in order to provide a conceptual framework that may eventually facilitate the development of a formal synset (grouping of synonyms and semantically similar terms) of health-related wellbeing. Methods: The history of the concept of wellbeing and QoL was reviewed in order to provide a conceptual framework. Results: Huge differences exist on the definition of "Wellbeing" and its relationship with QoL, "Happiness" and "Functioning" in the health context. From a dimensional perspective, health related wellbeing could be regarded as an overarching construct characterised by asymmetrical polarity, where "wellbeing" embeds the concept of "ill-being" as "health" incorporates de concept of "disease". Conclusions: A common conceptual framework of these terms may eventually facilitate the development of a formal synset of health-related wellbeing. This terminological clarification should be part of a new taxonomy of health-related wellbeing based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework that may facilitate knowledge transfer across different sectors and semantic interoperability for care management and planning. http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0213-61632014000100006&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en Background and Objectives: The assessment of wellbeing is a top priority in health sciences. The aim of this paper is to review the history of the concept of wellbeing and "Quality of Life" (QoL), and to understand the theories and assumptions that guided this field in order to provide a conceptual framework that may eventually facilitate the development of a formal synset (grouping of synonyms and semantically similar terms) of health-related wellbeing. Methods: The history of the concept of wellbeing and QoL was reviewed in order to provide a conceptual framework. Results: Huge differences exist on the definition of "Wellbeing" and its relationship with QoL, "Happiness" and "Functioning" in the health context. From a dimensional perspective, health related wellbeing could be regarded as an overarching construct characterised by asymmetrical polarity, where "wellbeing" embeds the concept of "ill-being" as "health" incorporates de concept of "disease". Conclusions: A common conceptual framework of these terms may eventually facilitate the development of a formal synset of health-related wellbeing. This terminological clarification should be part of a new taxonomy of health-related wellbeing based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework that may facilitate knowledge transfer across different sectors and semantic interoperability for care management and planning.