Introduction:

At the late 1990s, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was introduced in dentistry, and has applications in different specialities, including implant dentistry. Among the advantages of CBCT are its lower radiation dose in comparison with conventional medical computed tomography. However, these doses are higher than with conventional radiographic techniques. The aim of this study was to perform a narrative review of the guidelines developed by international organisations on the use of CBCT in the pre-surgical assessment in implant dentistry.

Review:

CBCT is mainly used in the pre-surgical evaluation in implant dentistry to: (1) determine the quantitative characteristics of the residual alveolar ridge; (2) determine the qualitative characteristics of the residual alveolar ridge; (3) determine the morphologic characteristics of the residual alveolar ridge; (4) determine the anatomical/pathological characteristics of the residual alveolar ridge. Several institutions have developed guidelines on the use of CBCT in implant dentistry. Despite the efforts to unify criteria, this has not yet been possible, due to the different positions adopted by these institutions, mainly based in consensus.

Conclusions:

There is no consensus regarding the use of CBCT in the pre-surgical evaluation of dental implants. The decision on the use of CBCT should consider the context of the patient, it should also be based in a careful case-to case analysis and a proper evaluation of the scientific evidence available, considering the recommendations given by expert institutions.

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