Abstract

VAZQUEZ-MARTINEZ, Cristina; REDONDO-ALAMILLOS, Marta; ROMANCE-GARCIA, Ana-I.  and  SANCHEZ-ANICETO, Gregorio. Intraoral myeloid sarcoma. An uncommon debut of acute myeloid leukemia. Rev Esp Cirug Oral y Maxilofac [online]. 2019, vol.41, n.1, pp.41-43. ISSN 2173-9161.  https://dx.doi.org/10.20986/recom.2019.1030/2019.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant neoplasm with systemic manifestations, which may present intraoral lesions. It is the most common cancer in childhood and the leading cause of death from cancer in pediatric population. Myeloid sarcoma is a malignant extramedullary tumor composed of immature myeloid precursor cells. This tumor is mainly associated with AML and myelodysplastic syndromes and, generally, shows up after the diagnosis of the primary disease. The appearance of myeloid sarcoma within the oral cavity as an initial manifestation of AMK is extremely rare (3-6% of cases according to the series).

We present a case of a 19-month infant who was taken to the Emergency Department due to fever and a gingival lesion that did not respond to antibiotic treatment. An ultrasound study was requested to assess the presence of an abscess. However, a lesion was identified and after performing a biopsy, pathologist found it was a myeloid sarcoma.

The patient was diagnosed with AML and chemotherapy treatment was started. After three cycles of treatment, the patient is currently free of disease.

Keywords : Acute myeloid leukemia; myeloid sarcoma; oral neoplasm.

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