Abstract

ORTEGA-GARCIA, M. P. et al. Compounding of drug admixtures for intrathecal treatment of pain. Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor [online]. 2012, vol.19, n.4, pp.217-224. ISSN 1134-8046.

Drug combinations in intrathecal analgesia are recommended in international consensus, but there are few studies about their stability and safety. The objectives of this review are to evaluate specific considerations for compounded formulations for intrathecal pumps and to review stability studies of drug combinations recommended. Compounding formulations for intrathecal pumps has specific recommendations: avoiding preservatives, antioxidants, and solubility enhancers, using buffers that are compatible with the delivery system, using a pH that is physiologically appropriate and is consistent with the delivery system, normally between 4 and 8, using solutions isotonic with normal CSF, preparing the solution in a manner that does not alter the solubility of the constituents, verifying the chemical and physical stability of the preparation under relevant conditions in accordance with literature and verifying the sterility of the preparation in accordance with the United States Pharmacopeia (Chapter 797) and American Society of Health-System Pharmacist publications. But pharmacist, moreover compounding, play an important role in maintaining quality assurance of intrathecal drug use, validating prescriptions and using standard procedures for ordering and compounding medications, checking dose calculations and monitoring of patients outcomes. Drug combinations for intrathecal analgesia with stability studies are: morphine and ziconotide, morphine and clonidine, ziconotide and bupivacaine, morphine, bupivacaine and clonidine, morphine, ziconotide and clonidine, baclofen and clonidine, ziconotide and baclofen, ziconotide and clonidine, ziconotide and fentanyl. Except for ziconotide combinations, concentration of drugs remains over 90% during 90 days. But ziconotide is very unstable and admixtures with other drugs can accelerate the rate of ziconotide degradation.

Keywords : Analgesia; Injections spinal; Drug combinations.

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