Introduction:

Diabetic foot is a frequent complication in patients with diabetes. The risk factors associated with its development and evolution are related to the behavioral, environmental and disease control characteristics, however, the influence of genetic factors in the development of this complication has been recognized.

Objective:

To analyze the available evidence on the association of genetic polymorphisms in the risk of presenting diabetic foot.

Methodology:

Articles were reviewed in English, not older tan 10 years, with a methodology of cases and controls that statistically measure risk factors through odds ratio and relative risk. Therefore the search was performed in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, CONRICYT and WOS with maximum date until January 31, 2018. Controlled descriptors "polymorphism" AND "diabetic foot" OR "foot ulcer diabetic" were applied. The FLC 2.0 platform was used to evaluate the quality of the study.

Results:

Thirteen articles were selected, there being 9 polymorphisms with risk factors such as HIF-1 α, MCP-1-2518A/G, TLR9-1237 T/C, MAPK14 rs80028505, LOX G473A, FokI gene of the VDR receptor, MMPs-1562C>T, TCF7L2, HIF-1 α p582s and 4 protective factors such as VEGF rs699947, VEGF-634G/C, eNOS Glu298Asp and VEGF 2578 C/A.

Conclusion:

The susceptibility, severity and appearance of diabetic foot they are associated with genetic factors that are involved in different physiopathological mechanisms.

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