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Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra

Print version ISSN 1137-6627

Abstract

CASADO, Itziar et al. COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and mortality in Navarre (Spain) between February 2020 and September 2022. Anales Sis San Navarra [online]. 2023, vol.46, n.2, e1044.  Epub Feb 12, 2024. ISSN 1137-6627.  https://dx.doi.org/10.23938/assn.1044.

Background:

Between February 2020 and September 2022, SARS-CoV-2 has circulated uninterruptedly throughout Spain. This study analyses COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and deaths in Navarre.

Methods:

Enhanced epidemiological surveillance and results of seroepidemiological surveys were used to analyze COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and deaths, based on the vaccination coverage and other preventive measures applied from February 2020 to September 2022.

Results:

A total of 295,424 COVID-19 cases were confirmed (45% of the population in Navarre); 8,594 required hospital admission (1.3%), 832 were admitted to intensive care units (1.3‰) and 1,725 died (2.6‰). Over the first wave of the pandemic, there were 1,934 hospitalizations and 529 deaths from confirmed COVID-19 cases over a few weeks; these figures dropped rapidly following lockdown. Until October 2021, SARS-CoV-2 circulation was modulated by non-pharmacological preventive measures. The subsequent relaxation of these measures led to a wide circulation of the omicron variant, increasing the number of cases by three-fold. The high vaccination coverage against COVID-19 introduced decisive changes in the epidemiology of the disease, reducing to less than 2%, 0.1%, and 0.5% the cases requiring hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, or that died, respectively.

Conclusions:

Initial lockdown and non-pharmacological preventive measures helped control SARS-CoV-2 transmission until vaccination was extended. Vaccination achieved a decisive reduction of the COVID-19 severity and lethality.

Keywords : COVID-19; Pandemic; Mortality; Epidemiological surveillance; COVID-19 vaccination.

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