Introduction.

Adherence to treatment in the scenario of patients with cardiovascular risk factors in intensive care units is fundamental and of interest in health systems.

Objective.

The work sought to analyze factors influencing on therapeutic adherence to treatment by patients with cardiovascular risk admitted to three intensive care units.

Materials and Method.

Descriptive study with quantitative variables with discretional non-probabilistic design, with a sample of 38 patients during a six-month period. Instrument used: “Factors influencing on adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments in patients with risk factors for cardiovascular disease”.

Results.

The most prevalent age range was 61 - 70 years (28.8%); 55.3% were men; the degree of adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment showed 61% advantage for adherence, and with family support to meet basic needs, 26% with situation of risk for not adhering, 39.4% reported “difficulties in changes of diet due to high costs of foods recommended” and 13% in situation of not adhering to the treatment.

Conclusions.

The work highlights the importance of the provider-patient relation on the degree of adherence from three health provider institutions, evidencing first-level intervention with individual self-care actions. However, a significant percentage of risk and non-adherence are found due to factors related with the patient and the provider, which impacts on readmissions to the intensive care unit.

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