Abstract

BROTONS, Carlos et al. Statement of the Spanish Interdisciplinary Vascular Prevention Committee on the Updated European Guidelines in regard to cardiovascular disease prevention. Rev Clin Med Fam [online]. 2022, vol.15, n.2, pp.106-113.  Epub Sep 19, 2022. ISSN 2386-8201.

We report the Spanish adaptation of the 2021 European Guidelines on Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) prevention in clinical practice. In addition to the individual approach this update greatly emphasizes the importance of population level approaches to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Systematic CVD risk assessment is recommended for all adults with any major vascular risk factor. Regarding LDL-Cholesterol, blood pressure and glycaemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus, goals and targets remain as recommended in previous guidelines. However, a new, stepwise approach (Steps 1 and 2) to treatment intensification is proposed as a tool to help physicians and patients attain these targets in a way that fits the patient profile. After Step 1, considering proceeding to the intensified goals of Step 2 is mandatory, and this intensification will be based on 10-year CVD risk, lifetime CVD risk and treatment benefit, comorbidities, frailty and patient preferences.

The updated SCORE algorithm-SCORE2, SCORE-OP- is recommended in these guidelines, which estimates an individual’s 10-year risk of fatal and non-fatal CVD events (myocardial infarction, stroke) in healthy men and women aged 40-89 years.

Another new and important recommendation is the use of different risk categories according to different age groups (< 50, 50-69, ≥ 70 years).

Different flowcharts of CVD risk and risk factor treatment in apparently healthy persons, in patients with established atherosclerotic CVD and in diabetic patients are recommended. Patients with chronic kidney disease are considered high risk or very high-risk patients according to glomerular filtration rate and albumin-to-creatinine ratio. New lifestyle recommendations adapted to those published by the Spanish Ministry of Health as well as recommendations focused on the management of lipids, blood pressure, diabetes and chronic renal failure are included.

Keywords : arterial hypertension; cardiovascular risk; clinical practice guidelines; diabetes; healthy diet; lipid control; prevention and control; smoking; vascular diseases.

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