Efecto del entrenamiento sistemático de gimnasia rítmica sobre el control postural de niñas adolescentes

Guimaraes-Ribeiro, D.; Hernández-Suárez, M.; Rodríguez-Ruiz, D.; García-Manso, J.M.

doi:10.1016/j.ramd.2014.11.001

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Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte

On-line version ISSN 2172-5063Print version ISSN 1888-7546

Abstract

GUIMARAES-RIBEIRO, D.; HERNANDEZ-SUAREZ, M.; RODRIGUEZ-RUIZ, D. and GARCIA-MANSO, J.M.. Effect of systematic rhythmic gymnastics training on postural control of young girls. Rev Andal Med Deporte [online]. 2015, vol.8, n.2, pp.54-60. ISSN 2172-5063. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ramd.2014.11.001.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate if the postural control in static conditions, is a discriminating factor between gymnastics rhythmic girls and their normally active counterparts. Methods: Sixteen rhythmic gymnastics girls of national level (RG) (RG: 9.7 ± 1.4 years; 32.3 ± 3.6 kg, 143.1 ± 7.4 cm) and sixteen school girls (SG) (SG: 9.8 ± 0.9 years; 36.2 ± 5.4 kg; 139.2 ± 6.9 cm) participated in the investigation. All subjects performed two postural control tests: Bipedal Eyes Open (EO) and Eyes Closed (EC), while standing on a platform force, as immobile as possible for 30 seconds. Based on the center of pressure displacement, variables analyzed were: Ellipse Area of 95 (A95), Mean Velocity (MV_T), Mean Velocity in the anterior-posterior plane (MV_A/P) and Mean Velocity in the medium-lateral plane (MV_M/L). A frequency domain analysis of the center of pressure (Fast Fourier Transform) was performed. Results: Significant differences were observed when comparing groups for MV_M/L and MV_T, but not for A₉₅, in EO and EC. Interestingly, RG showed greater values of MV_M/L than SG in all conditions. In absence of vision, both groups were affected, but there was a trend to be weaker this effect in RG. The Fourier Transform showed that gymnastics had higher values of energy of the spectrum in the M/L plane. Conclusions: The results suggest that postural control in static conditions is a discriminating factor between gymnastics rhythmic girls and their normally active counterparts. However, traditional methods for the analysis of the CP seem to be not reliable to understand the dynamics of the CP.

Keywords : Postural balance; Children; Training.

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