Abstract

MOYANO ESPADERO, Mª Carmen; ESTEPA DEL ARBOL, Mirian; PEREZ BLANCAS, Carolina  and  CRESPO MONTERO, Rodolfo. Influence of chronic kidney disease in the occurrence of loss of tissue integrity. Enferm Nefrol [online]. 2015, vol.18, n.4, pp.290-302. ISSN 2255-3517.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S2254-28842015000400007.

Introduction: Calciphylaxis is characterized by calcification of arterioles, fibrosis and thrombosis which leads to the onset of ischemic skin ulcers and necrosis, and most often affects in patients with end stage renal disease. Treatment of calciphylaxis is varied, without effective therapeutic modality and poor prognosis, mainly due to sepsis secondary to infection of the skin lesions. Objective: To know the scientific production on calciphylaxis related to chronic kidney disease. Methodology: A literature review was conducted with a literature search in the following databases: PubMed / Medline, Scielo, Cuiden, ProQuest / Health and Medical Complete, IME and Google Scholar. Results: Sixty-one articles were selected for the study: 19 review articles, 13 originals and 29 clinical cases. The variables studied were: alterations in the metabolism of phosphorus, calcium and parathyroid hormone, several risk factors, distribution of injuries, death due to sepsis, medical treatment and nursing care. The most influential factors in the development of calciphylaxis are alterations in metabolism, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, low serum albumin and taking anticoagulants. Treatment involves multiple therapeutic measures aimed at controlling the metabolic disorders and cure of cutaneous manifestations. Conclusion: Calciphylaxis is an uncommon event with high mortality. The pathogenesis is unknown and from a therapeutic point of view, there is no specific treatment, so that a multidisciplinary approach is essential for its prevention and early detection.

Keywords : calciphylaxis; chronic kidney disease; skin manifestations; dialysis and nursing care.

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