Abstract

GIL CARCEDO-SANUDO, Elisa et al. Surgycal anatomy of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. Rev. ORL [online]. 2020, vol.11, n.2, pp.161-178.  Epub Oct 13, 2020. ISSN 2444-7986.  https://dx.doi.org/10.14201/orl.21494.

The aim of this article is describe the anatomical details that helps the surgeon to achieve safe surgeries, the style of descriptive or topographic anatomies is avoided trying to produce a truly surgical anatomy. For this, fascias, capsular structures and ligaments that surround the thyroid gland are mentioned. Emphasis is placed on vascularization, mainly in relation to the inferior thyroid artery, essential for the location of the recurrent nerve. Also in relation to the whole of the venous drainage, which with its complicated distribution makes dissection remarkably difficult. We carefully describe the anatomical variants and the anomalies that affect the structures of the región, their knowledge is fundamental to the possibility that the surgeons finds in their surgeries. We describe the appearance, the relationships and the reference to the location of the parathyroid glans. Neccesary details to avoid their inopinate resection in thyroidectomies and for the recognition of the pathological gland in the hyperparathyroidism.

Keywords : Thyroid; Parathyroid; Recurrent nerve; Zuckerkandl; Vascularization; Relationships; Variants; Abnormalities.

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