Resumen

ROSADO, E. L. et al. Effect of diet and PPARγ2 and b₂-adrenergic receptor genes on energy metabolism and body composition in obese women. Nutr. Hosp. [online]. 2006, vol.21, n.3, pp.317-331. ISSN 1699-5198.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of diet and PPARγ2 and b₂-adrenergic receptor genes on energy metabolism and body composition in obese women. Material and methods: 60 obese women, aged 34.59 ± 7.56 years were studied at the Department of Physiology and Nutrition at Navarra University. Anthropometric, biochemical,metabolic and molecular evaluations were carried out, and the women were submitted to short-term and longterm hypocaloric diets, varying the macronutrients. The groups were formed according to gene polymorphism, as follows: Pro12Pro(PPARγ2)/Gln27Gln (ί₂-adrenergic receptor genes) - A, Pro12Pro (PPARγ2)/Gln27Glu (b₂- adrenergic receptor genes) - B, Pro12Pro (PPARγ2)/Glu27Glu (b₂-adrenergic receptor genes)-C and Pro1Ala (PPARγ2)/Gln27Glu (b₂-adrenergic receptor genes) - D. Results: In group A, fat oxidation was correlated positively with body mass index (BMI), but an increase in fat and saturated fatty acids (SFA) in the diet did not reflect in increased oxidation. In group B, total fat and SFA intake did not lead to fat oxidation increase. In group C, fat and complex carbohydrates (CHO) resulted in lower fat oxidation, and long-term increase of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake resulted in increase of CHO oxidation and smaller weight loss. In group D, greater energy expenditure was obtained after diet high in SFA in a short-term, and fat basal and postprandial oxidation correlated positively with its intake. Hypocaloric diet high in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) resulted inincrease of fat oxidation. Conclusions: Polymorphism in PPARγ2 gene resulted in increased fat oxidation, regardless of genotype of ί₂- adrenergic receptor gene. It is recommended control of the total intake of fats and SFA in Pro12Pro/Gln27Gln and Pro12Pro/Gln27Glu, and complex CHO and MUFA in Pro12Pro/Glu27Glu. In Pro12Ala/Gln27Glu, AGPI intake can result in greater body weight loss.

Palabras clave : Obesity; Polymorphism; Diet; Energy Metabolism; Body composition.

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