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Gerokomos
versión impresa ISSN 1134-928X
Resumen
TORRA-BOU, Joan Enric et al. Prevalence of dependence-related skin lesions in nursing home in Spain: results of the 6th GNEAUPP National Study 2022. Gerokomos [online]. 2023, vol.34, n.4, pp.269-276. Epub 08-Mar-2024. ISSN 1134-928X.
Objectives:
To obtain the prevalence figures of dependence-related skin lesions (DRSL) in Spanish nursing homes and long term care centres (NH-LTCC). To analyse the demographic and clinical characteristics of people with DRSL and lesions.
Methodology:
Observational, cross-sectional, epidemiological survey-type study (6th National Prevalence Study), aimed at all NHC-LTCC in Spain. Data collection by means of a secure on-line form. Variables: characteristics of hospitals and units, patients admitted, patients with each type of DRSL, classification of lesions. Overall and adjusted crude prevalence was estimated by hospital and by type of unit.
Results:
Data were obtained from 74 NHC-LTCC. Only 9.5% of the centres reported not having any person with DRSL in their care at the time of data collection. The overall prevalence of DRSL was 9.28% (95%IC, 5.45-6.71); 3% higher than in the previous study. The prevalence figures for each type of injury were: pressure 6.05%, moisture 2.35%, friction 1.35%, skin tears 2.38%. combined 0.61%. This represents an increase in all but combined injuries. The prevalence of all DRSLs was higher in the public centres than in the state and private centres. The 85.2% of the DRSLs were of nosocomial origin (originating in a nursing home or other residential institution) and only 10.9% originated at home.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of DRSL in nursing homes is among the highest in this type of centre in the historical series of studies carried out in Spain by the GNEAUPP. This higher prevalence could be explained by the situation in which many have been left after the COVID pandemic and a relaxation in the prevention programmes implemented. There are statistically significant differences between the prevalence of DRSL depending on the ownership of the centres, the lowest being private, but their low participation could lead us to think that only the most motivated centres have participated and that the real situation may be worse in these centres.
Palabras clave : Dependence-related skin lesions; pressure injuries; moisture associated skin damage; friction lesions; skin tears; nursing home; long term care; prevalence.
