Purpose:

Evaluate nutritional performance in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Adjustment done following the guidelines of the European and American societies for Clinical Nutrition.

Methodology:

Retrospective observational during 2 months study of some patients with pneumonia by COVID-19 in ICU. Informatic programs ICCA®, OrionClinic® and Kabisoft® were used to obtain variables of patients.

Results:

27 patients were admitted in ICU, while 20 of them required nutritional support. There were 65% of men with average age about 62±13.2. Their theoretical nutritional requirements were between 1,535-1,800 kcal/day. They stayed 2.5±4.5 days in the hospital before their ICU admission. They were 17±6.9 days on average in ICU. At the end of this study, 15% of patients were discharged, 35% were hospitalized, and 50% were dead. The variation of the analytical data at admission and discharge was: proteins +1.3 g/dl, albumin +1.2 g/dl, lymphocytes +0.5*103/mm3, PCR -114.5 mg/l and triglycerides +19.4 mg/dl. 10% took remdesivir and 30% tocilizumab. All of them were intubated and treated with propofol and 75% required prone position. All of patients required enteral nutrition being the hyperprotein-hypercaloric with fiber formula the most used. 70% required central total parenteral nutrition being mostly hyperprotein-hypocaloric and supplemented with vitamins and trace elements.

Conclusion:

Within the complicated management of this type of patients, nutritional interventions have been necessary in 75% of them and adherence to current guidelines has occurred in all cases, with favorable results.

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