Introduction:

To review the scientific literature related to adherence to COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare professionals (HCPs) and to explore the barriers and facilitators that tip the balance towards acceptance or hesitancy of COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods:

Exploratory review of articles retrieved from the MEDLINE bibliographic database (via PubMed). through March 2022.The search equation was formulated using the descriptors: “Occupational Groups”,”Vaccination”, “Coronavirus Infections”, “COVID-19 Vaccines” and “Treatment Adherence and Compliance”, also using the related Entry Terms and the filters: “Humans” and “Humans”.SIGN recommendations were used to determine the level of evidence and degree of recommendation.

Results:

Of the 135 references retrieved, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 27 articles were selected: 26 cross-sectional descriptive studies and 1 qualitative study. The values of acceptance to COVID-19 vaccination ranged from a minimum of 37.2% to a maximum of 80.7%. Twenty-one (77.78%) articles quantified hesitancy, with high reluctance values, but with a long-term downward trend. The main barriers to COVID-19 vaccination were: concerns about safety, efficacy, rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines and lack of information and confidence in them and the main facilitators: male sex, having been previously vaccinated against influenza, being a doctor, nurse or related jobs where one has contact with patients.

Conclusions:

This work sheds light on the adherence to COVID-19 vaccination, understood as the acceptance or hesitancy to receive the vaccine, in healthcare professionals and the barriers and facilitators that condition it. The acceptance rate of the COVID-19 vaccine among health professionals can be considered acceptable if the acceptance rate is considered to be greater than or equal to 70% in order to curb the pandemic. It is recommended that information, communication and training of health professionals be improved, since they are the most reliable advisors and the most influential in the vaccination decisions of the general population.

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