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Nutrición Hospitalaria

versão On-line ISSN 1699-5198versão impressa ISSN 0212-1611

Resumo

DEL MONTE-VEGA, Marti Yareli et al. Overweight and obesity in the Mexican school-age population from 2015 to 2019. Nutr. Hosp. [online]. 2022, vol.39, n.5, pp.1076-1085.  Epub 19-Dez-2022. ISSN 1699-5198.  https://dx.doi.org/10.20960/nh.04028.

Introduction:

between 2006 and 2020, obesity in Mexico increased across all age groups and displayed a homogenizing evolutionary trend throughout, prevalence overweigth and obesity (Ow+Ob) has 38.2% in school age children.

Objectives:

to analyze the changes of Ow+Ob in a cohort with four years of evolution of students from Mexico elementary schools and to evaluate its association with socio-demographic factors.

Methods:

information comes from a nutritional surveillance system of 52,545 elementary schools, with weight and height measurements from 2,008,474 children from six to eleven years old. A follow-on panel longitudinal analysis was performed from 2015 to 2019 in a dynamic cohort with three measurements. Ow+Ob prevalences were obtained; through a logistic regression with random effects, odds ratios (OR) were calculated, adjusting by sociodemographic characteristics (p < 0.05).

Results:

between 2015 and 2019, positive OR were observed for Ow+Ob development in 2017-2018 (OR = 1.02) and 2018-2019 (OR = 1.06). Students from the northern and southern regions of the country showed a greater probability of suffering Ow+Ob (OR = 1.58 and 1.64) when compared with the center. Attending to community or indigenous schools was a protective factor (OR = 0.54) whereas attending to a private school increased the risk (OR = 1.75). Adjusted Ow+Ob prevalences showed an accelerated increasing trend in males through all the periods.

Conclusions:

in Mexico, obesity in school children is a growing problem related to sociodemographic factors, therefore, urgent actions are needed for its restraining.

Palavras-chave : Childhood obesity; Nutrition surveillance; Schoolchildren; Obesity; Epidemiology; Overweight.

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