Resumo

TORRES LEON, J.; SANCHEZ CARRILLO, MªJ.; MEMBRILLO DE NOVALES, F.J.  e  NAVARRO TELLEZ, Mª. Analysis of medical related repatriations in the Spanish contingent of ISAF from 2009 to 2012 and deaths in Afghanistan since the beginning of the mission until December 2012. Sanid. Mil. [online]. 2013, vol.69, n.3, pp.154-163. ISSN 1887-8571.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S1887-85712013000300002.

Background: Spain has taken part in ISAF since the beginning of its military deployment in Afghanistan. In this paper we study the medical evacuation of Spanish troops to the Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla (HCDGU), Role 4, from 2009 to 2012, and the causes of deaths among the Spanish contingent in Afghanistan since the beginning of the mission in 2002 to late 2012. Material and methods: The medical record of HCDGU evacuations between 2002 and 2012 were studied and differ between leaves "non-combat" and "combat". The first group was classified according to CIE.9.MC, whereas combat leaves were grouped according to the specific mechanism of injury. Topographical location of gunshot injuries and the type of injury in Improvised Explosive Device (IEDs) victims were analyzed. We studied causes of death and distinguished those caused by accident, due to hostile actions and due from natural causes. Results: The number of evacuations was 139 "combat" 10.80% and "non-combat" 89.20%. The average yearly rate of evacuations was 2.66 per 100 deployed members. Among the "non-combat" evacuations, the main causes were trauma injuries n = 41 (33.6%). Among combat-related evacuations, causes were firearm wounds n = 7 (46.67%) and IEDs n = 8 (53.33%). The death toll of the Spanish contingent in Afghan territory since the beginning of the mission until December of 2012 has been 37 casualties. Of these, 15 (40.54%) resulted from hostile action and 22 (59.46%) were accidents or deaths from natural causes (8.10%). Conclusions: "Non-combat" casualties are the cause of almost 90% of medical evacuations. The main causes among "non-combat" evacuations casualties are injuries, mental disorders and musculoskeletal diseases. Injuries from IEDs we believe are directly related to the tertiary effects of the explosion. Firearm wounds were mainly located in the upper and lower limbs. The hospital stay for "combat" related evacuations was significantly higher than for "non-combat" evacuations. Deaths in the Spanish contingent from the beginning of the mission until December 2012 show a striking grouping of accident and hostile-related evacuations for one same incident.

Palavras-chave : Evacuations; Casualties; ROLE4; Afghanistan; ISAF.

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