Abstract

OLAZABAL EIZAGUIRRE, Nora et al. Catatonia: a case study. Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiq. [online]. 2011, vol.31, n.1, pp.111-119. ISSN 2340-2733.

We present a clinical picture of mutism, akinesia and stupor with fever and urinary retention in a 65-year-old woman, as an example of catatonia. The catatonic symptomatology has been established as a syndrome which can have multiple etiologies, both medical and psychiatric. Beside that, pharmacological, toxic and organic precipitant factors have been described. Therefore a multidisciplinary approach is required to make more precise the etiological diagnosis. Many authors point out that this syndrome is underdiagnosed. During the assessment, diagnosis and treatment of this patient, we found that there is lack of clear and updated diagnostic criteria, as well as evidence-based treatment algorithms. Benzodiazepines and ECT are first line treatments, along with supportive care and prevention of complications. Other non-protocolized strategies have been published as an alternative in refractory cases.

Keywords : catatonia; mania; neuroleptic malignant syndrome; lorazepam; electroconvulsive therapy.

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