Abstract

JAUREGUI-GARRIDO, B.; BOLANOS-RIOS, P.; SANTIAGO-FERNANDEZ, M. J.  and  JAUREGUI-LOBERA, I.. Lipid profile and cardiovascular risk in anorexia nervosa: the effect of nutritional treatment. Nutr. Hosp. [online]. 2012, vol.27, n.3, pp.908-913. ISSN 1699-5198.  https://dx.doi.org/10.3305/nh.2012.27.3.5752.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the lipid profile in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), and the changes with refeeding. Methods: The sample comprised 102 AN outpatients (mean age 22.32 ± 3.17). Blood tests, after 12-hour overnight fast, were performed before refeeding (M₀) and after weight restoration (M₁). Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and triglycerides (TRG) were determined and the following cardiovascular risk markers were calculated: LDL/HDL and TC/HDL ratios. These cut-off points were considered: TC < 200 mg/dl; HDL > 40 mg/dl; LDL < 100 mg/dl and TRG < 150 mg/dl. Results: The time leading to weight restoration was 8.16 ± 7.35 months. Considering patients with scores higher and lower than the corresponding cut-off points, X²-test revealed a significant difference (M₀-M₁) in case of TC (p < 0.05) as well as between LDL/HDL₀ and LDL/HDL₁ (p < 0.05) and between TC/HDL₀ and TC/HDL₁ (p < 0.01). Significant differences were found between HDL₀ and HDL₁ (p < 0.01) and between TRG₀ and TRG₁ (p < 0.01). Significant and negative associations between BMI₀ and TC₀ (r = -0.331; p < 0.05) and between TRG₀ and HDL₀ (r = -0.387; p < 0.05) were found. The association between TRG₁ and LDL₁ was significant and positive. Discussion: Weight restoration tends to decrease the TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios despite a considerable percentage of patients maintain scores on the different variables of the lipid profile usually considered at risk.

Keywords : Anorexia nervosa; Lipid profile; Cardiovascular risk; Refeeding.

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