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Nutrición Hospitalaria

On-line version ISSN 1699-5198Print version ISSN 0212-1611

Abstract

TAPIA, Liliana U. et al. Somatotype and intellectual ability (Raven progressive matrices test) in Chilean school-age children. Nutr. Hosp. [online]. 2013, vol.28, n.5, pp.1552-1557. ISSN 1699-5198.  https://dx.doi.org/10.3305/nh.2013.28.5.6735.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between somatotype and intellectual ability (IA) in 11-12 and 15-16 year-old students (n = 1,015) in the Chile's Metropolitan Region from a representative sample of 33 educational establishments chosen at random. Methods: The Heath-Carter somatotype and the IA assessed through the Raven Progressive Matrices Test were measured. Results: The endomorph was observed in 59% of the students; 28% had a mesomorph and 13% ectomorph. The IA was distributed in: 11.2% Grade I, 26.8% Grade II, 41% Grade III, 17.6% Grade IV and 3.2% Grade V. A positive and significant correlation of IA with the endo-morphic component (r = 0.074, p = 0.02) was found in the total sample and only in females (r = 0.109, p = 0.02); at the same time, a positive and significant correlation with the ectomorph component was also observed (r = 0.067, p < 0.05). Conclusions: This suggests that other variables would influence more strongly the IA for which further research is needed to quantitate this multifactorial problem.

Keywords : Intelligence; Somatotype; Endomorphism; Adolescent; Students.

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