Abstract

LOPEZ-GUILLEN GARCIA, Araceli. Behavior of temporary inability of more than 365 days. Med. segur. trab. [online]. 2015, vol.61, n.241, pp.468-479. ISSN 1989-7790.

The temporary disability (TD) is concerned with the high (and rising) costs of accounting for social security systems for companies and the economy in general. Spain is known as the country with the highest level of sick leave among analyzed people and shows a growing trend over time. The knowledge of the pathologies that more frequently result in long duration TD processes (at least 365 days) serves to monitor an appropriate intervention in the management of such processes with the intention of reducing the TD average time duration trough the optimization of health resources. Conclusions: 64% of patients in prolonged TD (TD more than 365 days) are between the ages of 31 and 50. The osteomioarticular pathologies, Mental Disorders and Neoplasms groups collect 65.8% of prolonged TD. Since its disaggregated specific diagnoses and due to its frequency and special significance are remarkable: unspecified disorders of back, Depressive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified, Breast Cancer, rupture of lateral collateral ligament of knee. These four specific diagnoses account for 65% of all diseases studied. The older population in this situation of prolonged TD presents more significant processes with ill-defined symptoms and signs. The overall lower mean age can be found in the group of infectious and parasitic diseases. Pathologies having a higher average duration are those related to the endocrine group. Pathologies with lower overall average length group are respiratory diseases. In comparison with men, women show a longer medical leave for nonspecific processes. As for professions, ages and prolonged TD, managers, professional technical and land workers have medical leave at high ages, whereas administrative and services in these TD situations it is related to younger people. In extended TD workers between 25 to 30 years, women take the longest medical leaves. Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders are the diseases that most often cause periods of long-term TD. Neoplasms, due to its natural history or its complex and prolonged treatments, need generally longer TD situations, especially Breast Cancer. The situations of long-term TD serve as an indicator of the population disease situations and of the health services management that cover the performed treatments.

Keywords : Temporary Disability; Temporary Disability Management.

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