Resumen

MONIVAS PALOMERO, C. et al. Experimental studies for valuing bone healing on Wistar rats with Zoledronic Acid. Sanid. Mil. [online]. 2015, vol.71, n.4, pp.232-238. ISSN 1887-8571.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S1887-85712015000400003.

Records and objectives: The increase of biphosphonates consumption on current society may increase the risk of mandibular osteonecrosis. This study was developed in order to value if, after dental extraction with a subcutaneous administration of zoledronic acid 7,5 µg/Kg or 35 µg/Kg (Zometa^®) on Wistar rats, any clinic, radiographic or histopathological evidence of osteonecrosis or inflammation appear. Place of execution: Animal Experimentation Centre of the Hospital of Defence. Materials and methods: Experimental study, in vitro, randomized interventionist. A total amount of 30 Wistar rats were used (adults and healthy), divided into 3 groups of 10 animals according to sex, group and medicine. G₀: no Zoledronic Acid treatment. G₁: Zoledronic Acid treatment 7,5 µg/Kg subcutaneous, one dose on days 1, 15 and 30. G₂: Zoledronic Acid treatment 35µg/Kg subcutaneous, one dose on days 1, 15 and 30. On all the groups an extraction of the lower right first molar was done on day 30, killing the animals four weeks post-extraction, observing clinically, histologically and radiographically the appearance of osteonecrosis and inflammation. Results: Clinically, a 26,6% showed a lack of epithelization compatible with early signs of mandibular osteonecrosis, according to the American Association of Oral Maxillofacial Surgeos (AAOMS) criteria. This is a dependent dose on 3 animals from G1 (10%) and 5 animals from G2 (16,6%). These results presented statistic signification p<0,011. Histological and radiological absence of osteonecrosis p<0,001 and inflammation p<0,001 in all the groups. Conclusion: Subcutaneous administration 7,5µg/Kg or 35µg/Kg of Zoledronic Acid during four weeks, after the dental extraction, does not lead to histopathological signs of osteonecrosis and inflammation (p<0,001) but leads to clinical alterations dose-dependent (p<0,011) compatible with early stages of mandibular osteonecrosis according to AAOMS criteria.

Palabras clave : Bisphosphonate; zoledronic acid; osteonecrosis; dental extraction; rats.

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