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Nutrición Hospitalaria

On-line version ISSN 1699-5198Print version ISSN 0212-1611

Nutr. Hosp. vol.31 n.5 Madrid May. 2015

https://dx.doi.org/10.3305/nh.2015.31.5.8616 

ORIGINAL / Obesidad

 

Influencia de hábitos saludables en el estado ponderal de niños y adolescentes en edad escolar

The influence of healthy lifestyle habits on weight status in school aged children and adolescents

 

 

Ismael San Mauro, Ana Megías, Belén García de Angulo, Patricia Bodega, Paula Rodríguez, Graciela Grande, Víctor Micó, Elena Romero, Nuria García, Diana Fajardo y Elena Garicano

Research Centers in Nutrition and Health (CINUSA Group), Madrid. España.

 

 


RESUMEN

Introduccion: El sobrepeso y la obesidad alcanzan una alta prevalencia entre ninos y adolescentes en Espana.
Objetivo: Conocer el grado de influencia de cuatro factores modificables (habitos alimentarios, practica de actividad fisica, sedentarismo y horas de sueno) de forma conjunta sobre el estado ponderal de un colectivo de ninos en edad escolar y adolescentes de Madrid.
Metodologia: 189 escolares, de 6 a 16 anos, a los que se les realizo un estudio antropometrico. Para el ejercicio fisico se uso el cuestionario IPAQ modificado, estableciendose un minimo de una hora de ejercicio al dia, como recomendacion, y de dos horas al dia en el caso del sedentarismo, donde se tuvieron en cuenta las horas de ordenador, consolas y television. La calidad del sueno se valoro recogiendo las horas de sueno entre semana, siesta y fin de semana. Estableciendo que los ninos en edad escolar deben dormir 10 horas al dia. Para la dieta, se utilizo el Indice KidMed, la puntuacion que se puede alcanzar de 0 a 12 y se clasifica en 3 categorias, se reagrupo para nuestra medida estadistica. Los dos primeros resultados (0-7) como gno cumple la adherenciah y ≥ 8 valor como gsi cumple la adherenciah.
Resultados: El 27,6% de los estudiantes tenian exceso ponderal.
Conclusion: No se observaron diferencias significativas al analizar los cuatro factores estudiados frente al estado ponderal, entre los aquellos que cumplian o no cumplian las recomendaciones y el exceso de peso, ni de forma individual ni multifactorialmente.

Palabras clave: Obesidad. Dieta mediterránea. Actividad física. Sueño. Sedentarismo.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Overweight and obesity has high prevalence in children and adolescents in Spain.
Objective: To determine the degree of influence of four modifiable factors (dietary habits, physical activity, sedentary and sleep) jointly on the weight status of a group of school children and adolescents in Madrid.
Methods: 189 schoolchildren aged 6 to 16 years, who underwent an anthropometric study. To exercise the IPAQ questionnaire was used, establishing a minimum of one hour of exercise a day, as a recommendation, and two hours per day in case of sedentary, which took into account the hours of computer, consoles and TV. Sleep quality was assessed by collecting sleeping hours weekdays and weekend nap. Stating that school children should sleep 10 hours a day. The KIDMED Index was used for the diet quality, the score can be accessed from 0-12 and classified into 3 categories, it was regrouped for statistical measure. The first two results (0-7) as gBad adherenceh and ≥ 8 value as gGood adherenceh.
Results: 27.6% of students had excess weight.
Conclusion: No significant differences were reported analyzing the four factors studied versus weight status among those who keep recommendations and excess weight, either individually or multifactor analysis was observed.

Key words: Obesity. Mediterranean diet. Physical activity. Sleep. Sedentary.


 

 

http://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/nh/v31n5/12originalobesidad04.pdf

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