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Nutrición Hospitalaria

On-line version ISSN 1699-5198Print version ISSN 0212-1611

Nutr. Hosp. vol.32 n.2 Madrid Aug. 2015

https://dx.doi.org/10.3305/nh.2015.32.2.8824 

ORIGINAL / Otros

 

Cardiovascular risk and associated factors in adolescents

Riesgo cardiovascular y factores asociados en adolescentes

 

 

Pedro Paulo do Prado Junior1, Franciane Rocha de Faria2, Eliane Rodrigues de Faria3, Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini4 and Silvia Eloiza Priore4

1Lecturer the Department of Medicine and Nursing at the Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais.
2Lecturer the Department of Nutrition at the Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais.
3Lecturer at the Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo.
4Lecturer in the graduate program in Nutrition Science at the Federal University of Viçosa, Minas Gerais (Brazil).

 

 


ABSTRACT

Background: changes in lifestyle are related to early exposure of adolescents to comorbidities associated with cardiovascular disease. These conditions may have consequences in adulthood.
Objective: to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk and its associated factors in the three phases of adolescence.
Methods: a cross-sectional study involving adolescents 10-19 years old in the city of Vicosa distributed in three stages. We evaluated laboratory tests, body mass index classified into Z-score according to gender and age, and the percentage of body fat classified by gender. We used the chi-square test, chi-square partition with Bonferroni correction and Poisson regression. The significance level was α<0.05. The project was approved by the UFV Committee of Ethics and Research with Humans.
Results: overweight, excess body fat, lipid profile, sedentary behavior, and history of CVD in family were the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents. The adolescents had higher rates of overweight and excess fat. As for the stages, the first one showed a higher percentage of individuals with sedentary behavior, overweight, total cholesterol and LDL in comparison with other stages. Individuals with changes in nutritional status were more likely to develop hypertension, changes in total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, insulin, HOMA and low HDL when compared to healthy individuals.
Conclusions: the cardiovascular risk factors have been observed in younger and younger individuals and are important factors to identify a population at risk.

Key words: Adolescent. Risk factors. Cardiovascular disease.


RESUMEN

Introduccion: los cambios en el estilo de vida estan relacionados con la exposicion temprana de los adolescentes a las comorbilidades asociadas a la enfermedad cardiovascular. Estas condiciones pueden tener consecuencias en la edad adulta.
Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de riesgo cardiovascular y factores asociados en las tres fases de la adolescencia.
Metodos: estudio transversal que incluye a adolescentes de 10-19 anos en la ciudad de Vicosa, distribuidos en tres fases. Se evaluaron las pruebas de laboratorio, el indice de masa corporal clasificadas en Z-score, segun el sexo y la edad, y el porcentaje de grasa corporal, clasificados por sexo. Se utilizo la prueba de chi-cuadrado, la particion de chi-cuadrado con correccion de Bonferroni y la regresion de Poisson. El nivel de significacion fue α<0,05. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comite de Etica en Investigacion de la UFV en humanos.
Resultados: el sobrepeso, la grasa corporal, el perfil lipidico, el comportamiento sedentario y la historia de enfermedades cardiovasculares en la familia fueron los factores de riesgo cardiovascular mas prevalentes entre los adolescentes. Los adolescentes tenian tasas mas altas de sobrepeso y grasa. En cuanto a las etapas, la inicial mostro un mayor porcentaje de individuos con comportamiento sedentario, sobrepeso y colesterol total y LDL en comparacion con otras fases. Los individuos con cambios en el estado nutricional eran mas propensos a desarrollar hipertension, cambios en el colesterol total, LDL, trigliceridos, insulina, HOMA y HDL bajo, en comparacion con los individuos sanos.
Conclusiones: los factores de riesgo cardiovascular se han observado en personas cada vez mas jovenes y son factores importantes para identificar una poblacion en riesgo.

Palabras clave: Adolescente. Factores de riesgo. Enfermedad cardiovascular.


 

 

http://scielo.isciii.es/pdf/nh/v32n2/54originalotros02.pdf

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