Abstract

MENENDEZ OSORIO, Federico. Medical history and anamnesis in current psychopathology. From biography to biology, from clinical listening and look to listening and look through devices.: What is evidence in mental health?. Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiq. [online]. 2012, vol.32, n.115, pp.547-566. ISSN 2340-2733.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S0211-57352012000300007.

Scientific and technical improvements have meant an important change in clinical paradigms, moving from clinical look and listening to the "scopic" look and listening through devices (biopsy, scanner, pathological anatomy, laboratory, radiology, etc.), determining objectivity, certainty and mensurability. This sliding, supported by the scientific "evidence" -liable to mathematics and statistics- sometimes becomes "scientificism" when supposed that science is the only way to knowledge, not considering that there is not a science of values, of the human, of life, of beauty, etc. Psychopathology moves from knowledge to evidence turning the scientific into a fetish, and it tries to imitate, as a parody, through scales, questionnaires, guides, tests, etc., aiming at putting into objective terms and measuring the subjective and the singular, rejecting the rigor, the subtleness, the creativity, the fine observation and description of behaviors and the psychopathological following the classical clinics. The psychopathological knowledge feeds on the clinical and scientific, knowledge, among others. We need to determine the statute, methods and field of each one of these konwledges, their complementarity, specificity and differences. To recover the importance of the story, the history, the pathobiography, the clinical look and listening, as well as the subjective, singular and specific, as a field of knowledge belonging to the psychic. To show, eventually, the importance of taking up again the psychopathology, the history, the story, the anamnesis, the biography, the case-to-case clinics; that is, to write a medical history.

Keywords : Medical history; Anamnesis; Pathobiography; Clinical look and listening; Psychopathological knowledge.

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