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Nutrición Hospitalaria
On-line version ISSN 1699-5198Print version ISSN 0212-1611
Abstract
RIVERA-COMPARAN, Erick Alberto; RAMIREZ-CRUZ, Samantha Irene; VILLASIS-KEEVER, Miguel Ángel and ZURITA-CRUZ, Jessie Nallely. Factors related to the presence of hospital malnutrition in patients under five years old in a third level unit. Nutr. Hosp. [online]. 2019, vol.36, n.3, pp.563-570. Epub Feb 10, 2020. ISSN 1699-5198. https://dx.doi.org/10.20960/nh.02490.
Objective:
to identify the factors related to the presence of hospital malnutrition (HM) in patients under five years of age hospitalized in a third level care unit.
Material and methods:
cohort study. Patients under five years of age hospitalized were included. The record identified age, sex, pathological history, reason for admission and nutritional status by calculating weight/age (W/A), height/age (H/A) and weight/height (W/H). The entire somatometry intake process was performed upon admission, and was repeated on days 2, 4 and 7 of follow-up. The HM was defined as a decrease of more than 0.25 standard deviations in the W/H after seven days of hospitalization.
Results:
eighty-three patients were identified. The reason for admission was non-surgical pathology in 77% (n = 64). Seventy per cent (n = 58) had underlying disease. At the time of admission, 66% (n = 55) presented malnutrition. A progressive decrease in the Z score of W/H was observed as hospitalization progressed (p < 0.001). An incidence of 67.5% of HM was identified. It was shown that the presence of malnutrition at admission of hospitalization increased the risk of HM (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.05 to 8.10, p = 0.03). In patients with malnutrition from admission, an age younger than two years decreased the risk of HM (OR 0.093, 95% CI 0.009 to 0.959, p = 0.046), while the underlying disease increased the risk (OR 6.34, 95% CI 1.009 to 39.89, p = 0.049).
Conclusions:
the presence of malnutrition and underlying disease prior to admission were risk factors to present HM.
Keywords : Malnutrition; Child; Hospitalized; Risk factor.