Abstract

TIRADO AMADOR, L.R.; MADERA ANAYA, M.V.  and  GONZALEZ MARTINEZ, F.D.. Genetic and epigenetic interactions related to non-syndromic cleft lip and palate. Av Odontoestomatol [online]. 2016, vol.32, n.1, pp.21-34. ISSN 2340-3152.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S0213-12852016000100003.

At present the non-syndromic cleft lip and cleft palate is one of the impaired growth and development facial with high prevalence and causes worldwide preoccupation because generates effects at the physiological level because impact on swallowing, phonation, as well as the perception and acceptance of the individual on socialization. Resulting a treatment of this alteration with needs the use of an interdisciplinary team in order to achieve improvement to meet the needs of the individual concerned. About the etiology of this developmental defect, in the literature has been attributed to various genetic and environmental factors, converging towards the model multifactorial interaction in which genes emit response to stimuli from the environment, which affects the phenotypic expression level. Although there are reports of genetic changes that may be associated with alterations in development during palate closure, there is a great tendency to consider the presence of mutations; however occasionally it omitted or subtract some importance to the effects deriving from changes in the expression of genetic information as a result of exposure to certain environmental factors. Therefore in the present review, the authors attempt to describe some genetic and epigenetic factors involved in the emergence of non-syndromic cleft lip and cleft palate.

Keywords : Epigenetic repression; cleft lip; cleft palate; environment; DNA methylation.

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