Abstract

BERNABEU-MIRA, JC; PENARROCHA-DIAGO, M  and  PENARROCHA-OLTRA, D. Low-speed drilling without irrigation versus high-speed drilling with irrigation for implant bed preparation: a literature review of clinical studies. Av Odontoestomatol [online]. 2023, vol.39, n.3, pp.18-25.  Epub Nov 06, 2023. ISSN 2340-3152.

Low-speed drilling without irrigation has been described as a technique for preparing the implant bed. Different advantages over conventional drilling have been mentioned, however, the suspicion of bone overheating and therefore its possible affectation to the clinical parameters related to the dental implant.

The aim of this review was to assess the clinical differences between low-speed drilling without irrigation and high-speed drilling with irrigation for implant site preparation.

A total of 124 articles were found and finally 9 articles were included in the review. Current scientific evidence shows success rates and marginal peri-implant bone loss without statistically significant differences between the two techniques. In addition, the greater quantity and the better histomorphological and cellular characteristics of the bone collected by drilling at low revolutions without irrigation represent an advantage to be taken into account. Bone temperature is maintained below the critical temperature for thermal osteonecrosis for the both techniques.

In conclusion, low-speed reaming without irrigation may require as much a safe and predictable technique as conventional reaming. In addition, obtaining autologous bone in greater quantities and with better cellular characteristics can provide the clinician with an effective resource for certain clinical situations. However, more clinical studies are needed.

Keywords : literature review; drilling; osteotomy; dental implant; irrigation.

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