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Gaceta Sanitaria
Print version ISSN 0213-9111
Abstract
ARCILA-AGUDELO, Ana María; FERRER-SVOBODA, Carmen; JOHN, Deborah H and FARRAN-CODINA, Andreu. Cross-cultural adaptation, content validity, and feasibility of the school physical activity and nutrition environment tool. Gac Sanit [online]. 2022, vol.36, n.5, pp.459-467. Epub Mar 13, 2023. ISSN 0213-9111. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.03.007.
Objective:
To perform a cross-cultural adaptation, content validity and feasibility of The School Physical Activity and Nutrition Environment Tool (SPAN-ET) for the Spanish context. It is a valuable tool for making comprehensive assessments of school environments in three environmental categories: policy, situation/social, and physical.
Method:
We followed the cross-cultural adaptation guidelines which consist of a five-stage methodological approach: 1) forward translation, 2) synthesis, 3) back translation, 4) adaptation to the Spanish context, and 5) pilot testing. In addition, an expert panel performed a content validity analysis to assess the level of comprehensibility, applicability, and cultural appropriateness of the SPAN-ET for its use in Spain. The pilot test was carried out in five schools to assess the feasibility of the tool in the Spanish context.
Results:
After applying the guidelines for the translation and cultural adaptation of the SPAN-ET into the Spanish context, the new tool (SPAN-ET-ES) preserves the main dimensions of the original document to evaluate school environments in Spain. The evaluation of the SPAN-ET-ES, done by an expert panel, concluded that items included in the revised version of the SPAN-ET-ES were relevant (S-CVI/Ave=0.96), clear (S-CVI/Ave=0.96), simple (S-CVI/Ave=0.98), and non-ambiguous (S-CVI/Ave=0.98) for the Spanish context. Finally, the pilot test offered empirical evidence for the feasibility and content validity of the SPAN-ET-ES at assessing school environments in Spain.
Conclusions:
SPAN-ET-ES is a feasible tool for assessing nutrition and physical activity environments at schools in Spain.
Keywords : Cross-cultural adaptation; SPAN-ET; School environment; Evaluation.