Abstract

MENA-OLALDE, José et al. Descriptive epidemiology of lip-palate fissures at the Lip and Palate Cleft Clinic in Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico (1989-2012) and a comparison with some international populations. Cir. plást. iberolatinoam. [online]. 2017, vol.43, n.1, pp.41-45. ISSN 1989-2055.

Background and Objective. The lip and palate clefts are congenital malformation that affects the maxillofacial region. Their etiology is multifactorial with such as genetics as environmental factors. For the caucuses race it's estimated a incidence of 1:700 per births, number that decreases in other populations. The masculine sex is affected more frequently, only in the case of isolated palate cleft there's a predominance of the feminine sex. Because of the embryologic development, the side that is more affected is the left side. The present study has as objective the knowledge of distribution and frequency of malformations treated in a Mexican public hospital and to compare with other international populations. Methods. We conduct an observational, descriptive, transverse and retrospective study, where we evaluated the total of clinic records of patients attended in the Pediatric Reconstructive Surgery Service in Morelia, Michoacán, México, between 1989-2012. The bibliographic investigation was made at MEDLINE, LILACS and SciELO. Results. We got a total recruit of 800 clinical records, 460 (57.5%) male patients and 340 (42.5%) female. The most frequent affection was the combination of lip and palate with 448 (56%) cases. Situation that was similar to previous studies of Bolivia, Sudan and Mexico. It was not possible to determine the incidence because our hospital is only a pediatric institute. Conclusions. The data recollection at our center showed predominance in male patients, the most frequent malformation was unilateral lip and palate cleft and left side. We conclude that the epidemiologic distribution of the lip and palate clefts found at the Lip and Palate Cleft Clinic at Morelia, Michoacán, México, is at a medium position compared with other international populations.

Keywords : Lip and palate clefts; Congenital facial malformations; Incidence; Epidemiology.

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