Abstract

JAUREGUIZAR CERVERA, E.; PEREZ PERDOMO, M.  and  REINOSO BARBERO, L.. Airborne contact dermatitis in chemical and pharmaceutical industry and healthcare sectors. Med. segur. trab. [online]. 2014, vol.60, n.237, pp.742-755. ISSN 1989-7790.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S0465-546X2014000400009.

Introduction: Due to its location, clinical signs and form of contact, the airborne contact dermatitis (ABCD) is a unique type of occupational dermatitis. It results unquestionable the need of synthetising the scientific evidence through a systematic review taking into account the dermathoses relevance in the occupational morbidity. Objectives: To identify the scientific evidence for ABCD, the existence of a consensus on diagnostic criteria, on preventive measures and on the identification of especially sensitive population. Material and methods: A systematic review of the scientific literature published between 2006 and 2014 about ABCD. A systematic search was performed using DeCS, MeSH, in various databases and other computer resources (MEDLINE, COCHRANE, SCOPUS, SCIELO, OVID, BNCS, OSH, UPDATE). The evidence was evaluated following a SIGN criteria. Results: 15 articles were selected to be analyzed after a selecting process of 504. Types of design: 1-Non-randomized clinical trial without control group and 14 Case Series, 7 of which were using a control group. The ABCD chemicals not previously published: TFA, PP/PE fibers, Ethyl 2 2'- azobis Dihidroclorure (2- methyl propanamide) and HBTU¹, and the drugs: Tylosin, Pristinamycin, Carbocromen and Famotidine. Discussion and conclusions: The limitation of the results reveals the low scientific evidence levels on the analyzed articles, compromising his external validity. Regarding the reviews of Santos R, and Grossens A. (2001-2006), 9 new cases of ABCD were found and Swinnen I, and Grossens A. (2007-2011) described 14 cases. In our review (2006-2014) there are 6 new cases, confirming an increasing interest in this study and the gravity of this disease. As it is impossible to demonstrate a particularly sensitive population, it can be concluded that the ABCD is gaining importance. The scientific production should be improved with designs which generate a higher level of evidence allowing to take preventive measures.

Keywords : Contact dermatitis; airborne; allergic; irritating; occupational health; chemistry industry; pharmaceutical industry; healthcare workers; prevention.

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