Abstract

VIDAL, M. A.; CALDERON, M. A.  and  TORRES, L. M.. Clinical Effectiveness of oxicodone: The 5 mg dose in the analgesic elevator therapeutic scheme. Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor [online]. 2008, vol.15, n.3, pp.160-169. ISSN 1134-8046.

Introduction. Oxicodone has been a semisynthetic opioide derived from thebaine with múltiple actions similar to morphine, used actually clinical for more than 80 years. Its main therapeutic action is the analgesia; and to a lesser extent sedative action. To dose lower than the necessary one to produce analgesia, can act on the center of the cough. The objective of this article is to make a review of the characteristics of oxicodone: its pharmacological properties, tolerability and mainly its clinical effectiveness in the different types of pain and with the different presentations that exist at the moment in the market. The reviewed articles come from the data base of Medline and Cochrane. Clinical effectiveness. Numerous studies guarantee the effectiveness of oxicodone in the treatment of the different types of pain. Nevertheless these studies have their limitations. The studies that are based on the use of oxicodone in nononcological chronic pain are positive comparative studies to placebo. As far as the oncological pain, the comparative clinical tests from morphine and hidromorphone, oxicodone has presented advantages in effectiveness, and safety. Also revisions have been carried out on the matter in which it scores at oxicodone like a good alternative to morphine. Discussion. Oxicodone is a good alternative for the treatment of the moderate-severe pain, for a program of opioids rotation of since it has an excellent balance between analgesia and toxicity. Oxicodone prolonged release 5 mg, is very useful like initial dose to titrate opioids, being climbed dose at 48 hours, with which the incidence of indirect effect is diminished and diminishes the risk of therapeutic abandonment that these entail. With this approach one would be able to eliminate the main obstacle to put in practice the "Analgesic Elevator" theory.

Keywords : oxicodone; pain; clinical effectiveness; safety; analgesic ladder; analgesic elevator.

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