Abstract

PEREZ GALLARDO, Florencio; VALENCIANO CLAVEL, Luis  and  GABRIEL Y GALAN, Jesús. Results of the Spanish National Campaign of oral vaccination polio 1963-1964: virological and epidemiological study. Rev. Esp. Salud Publica [online]. 2013, vol.87, n.5, pp.523-540. ISSN 2173-9110.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S1135-57272013000500011.

Background. From the results of epidemiological studies in 1958 was decided to use oral vaccine Sabinl type. The aim of this work is to evaluate the impact of the national vaccination campaign of 1963 and 1964. Methods. The national campaign offering it to all Spanish children between two months and seven years. In the first phase of the national campaign was employed polio virus type 1 and 4,400,000 children were vaccinated, ie 95% of the target population. In the second phase was trivalent vaccine types 1, 2 and 3 and covered 4,680,000 children, representing 98.8 per 100. Results. In the first phase 26 polio cases occurred in vaccinated children, 18 had been produced by the virus type 3 and type 2. In phase 2 were confirmed virologically 27. From 1 June to 31 December 1964 14 cases were confirmed. 9 in unvaccinated people, 4 received a single dose of oral vaccine and one had received two doses of the campaign. From January 1 to October 1, 1965 were confirmed 18 cases, 8 children orally vaccinated and 7 had received only one dose of this vaccine, in 3 was unknown vaccination status. In children vaccinated with two doses of oral vaccine were 0 cases. Conclusion. The evolution of polio in our country changed radically since the introduction of oral polio vaccine. The annual numbers of cases dropped dramatically, disappearing completely seasonal rising incidence curve.

Keywords : Poliovirus; Poliomyelitis; Polio vaccine, oral; Poliovirus vaccine, inactivated; Polio eradication; Evaluation.

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