Abstract

GARCIA-FAJARDO PALACIOS, Carlos; CACHO CASADO, Alberto; FONTE TRIGO, Abelardo  and  PEREZ -VARELA, Juan Carlos. The occlusion as an etiopathological risk factor in temporomandibular disturbance. RCOE [online]. 2007, vol.12, n.1-2, pp.37-47. ISSN 1138-123X.

Background: The relationship between occlusal discrepancies and TMJ disorders does not always hold true. Nonetheless, occlusal analysis is a requisite to achieve a correct diagnosis in the dysfunctional patient. Many studies show that occlusal discrepancies can be a very important etiological factor. Material and Methods: Various literature reviews describe the main occlusal types and the possibility of structural and functional relationships with TMJ derangements. Results: The relationship between each kind of malocclusion and a specific TMJ disorder is due to different condyle positions in the glenoid fossa. It may be appropriate to introduce the term Tooth-Condyle Unit because the stomatognathic system has a specific bone block or mandible, which encompass teeth and condyles. The various occlusal schemes can be considered dynamic which influences the joint. Conclusion: The involvement of occlusion in the etiology of TMJ disorder is conditioned by the presence of other factors. However, physiologic occlusion must be re-established for correct joint function. This implies that the specific biomechanics of each patient and it's correlation with biological parameters must be known in order to provide joint homeostasis.

Keywords : Occlusal disharmony; Occlusal interferences; Temporomandibular joint; Condyle; Malocclusion in TMJ dysfunction.

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