Abstract

VILLALOBOS PINTO, E. et al. Risk factors for complications and length of hospital stay in pertussis patients. Rev Pediatr Aten Primaria [online]. 2012, vol.14, n.55, pp.207-215. ISSN 1139-7632.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/S1139-76322012000400005.

Objective: to analyze those children admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis of pertussis during the studied period and the relationship of outcomes with different clinical, analytical and/or epidemiologic data. Material and methods: retrospective study of those patients admitted to hospital with the diagnosis of pertussis in the period 2008-2011. Those cases included accomplish the criteria established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results: 85 patients (54.8% female), with a medium age of 2.04 months, are studied. Mean time of stay at hospital was of 7.44 days. We found relationship in the multiple lineal regression between the length of stay and the percentage of immature neutrophils (p=0.006), Protein C-reactive (PrCR; p=0.001), oxygen saturation at admission to hospital (p=0.019), apnea (p<0.001) and cyanosis (p=0.007). Rate of admissions to hospital was progressively higher since 2008. We have also found an association between the presence of complications and the percentage of immature neutrophils (p=0.026), saturation of oxygen at admission (p=0.001), not having received any dose of vaccine (p=0.007), oxygen (p=0.001), cold symptoms (p=0.017), apnea (p<0.001), cyanosis (p=0.05) and co-infection with viruses (adenovirus and/or VRS; p=0.044). Two patients died (lethality: 2.4%). We found relationship in the logistic regression between the mortality and the number of leucocytes (p=0.016), neutrophils (p=0.016), lymphocytes (p=0.016), immature neutrophils (p=0.001), PrCR (p=0.039) and procalcitonin (p=0.023) at admission to hospital. Conclusions: the presence of apnea and cyanosis at the beginning of clinical symptoms, ant not having received any dose of DTPa vaccine, and higher levels of PrCR at admission to hospital can be considered risk factors of a higher length of stay at hospital. The higher percentage of immature neutrophils and level of procalcitonin, and a lower oxygen saturation at admission, not having received any dose of vaccine DTPa, the presence of cold symptoms, apnea and cyanosis at the beginning of symptoms and the co-infection with respiratory viruses, can be considered risk factors of complications during the hospital admission because of pertussis.

Keywords : Pertussis; Complications; Hospitalization.

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