Abstract

TAMARIT BORRAS, Meritxell; DELGADO MOLINA, Esther; BERINI AYTES, Leonardo  and  GAY ESCODA, Cosme. Removal of hyperplastic lesions of the oral cavity: A retrospective study of 128 cases. Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Ed.impr.) [online]. 2005, vol.10, n.2, pp.151-162. ISSN 1698-4447.

Aims: Based on our accumulated experience, the present study evaluates and discusses the indications, advantages and inconveniences of oral cavity epulis resection using the carbon dioxide laser (CO₂) versus the Erbium:YAG laser (Er:YAG), diode laser and surgical scalpel. Material and methods: A retrospective study has been made of 120 patients involving the removal of 128 epulis lesions with the CO₂ laser, Er:YAG laser, diode laser and surgical scalpel. Postoperative controls were carried out after 7, 15 and 30 days to evaluate healing and wound evolution, and after 3, 6 and 12 months to assess possible relapse. Results: Two groups were defined, based on the clinical and etiopathogenic characteristics of the excised lesions: gingival hyperplastic lesions (77 cases) and fibromatous hyperplasia (51 cases). The lower jaw was the most frequent location of gingival hyperplasia (51.9%). Fibrous hyperplasia was the most common histological diagnosis (49 cases; 63.6%). Percentage relapse following removal was 9.1%, of which 5 cases corresponded to fibrous hyperplasia. Only one malignancy was identified, corresponding to infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma. On the other hand, of the 51 treated cases of fibromatous hyperplasia, 58.8% were located in the upper jaw. These were histologically confirmed to be fibrous hyperplasia, with relapse in 19.6% of the cases. Conclusions: Although the different surgical techniques used for removal of epulis of the oral cavity are appropriate, we consider the CO₂ laser to be the treatment of choice, since it offers a number of both intra- and postoperative advantages. On the other hand, all oral lesions require histological study to establish a firm diagnosis.

Keywords : Epulis; oral hyperplastic lesions; surgical treatment; surgical laser.

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