Abstract

LIMA, MJ Bizarria; ARCHONDO, ME del Llano  and  SILVA, A Ribeiro da. Immunoprophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus with palivizumab in children at a hospital in the southern zone of São Paulo. Rev. OFIL·ILAPHAR [online]. 2020, vol.30, n.1, pp.33-36.  Epub Jan 18, 2021. ISSN 1699-714X.  https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/s1699-714x20200001000010.

Acute lower respiratory tract infections (IATRIs) are the main cause of death in low-income countries and the fourth in middle-income countries, which include Brazil. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main agent of acute lower respiratory tract infections, the most well known cause of bronchiolitis, among infants and young children. Palivizumab is a humanized immunoglobulin G subclass 1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody indicated for respiratory tract infections caused by RSV. The pharmacist is a fundamental part in the development of clinical protocols, as it performs an important work in the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up. Development of an immunization protocol and monitoring the use of palivizumab in high-risk pediatric patients; verifying whether prophylaxis with palivizumab reduces hospitalization rates and RSV mortality. Observational prospective study in children at risk of severe RSV infection who received palivizumab according to the clinical criteria established in the Federal Protocol of Administrative Rule nº 522 of 05/13/2013. Children were followed through monthly visits. Implementation of the protocol for the use of palivizumab on the health institution, in which parameters, standards and parameters were established, aim at greater agility and efficiency of the processes. 14 neonates and young children were followed, 42.8% were premature, 28.5% had bronchopulmonary dysplasia and 28.5% had congenital heart disease. Three deaths (21.4%) were recorded during follow-up. The results showed that passive immunization with palivizumab are an important tool in the prevention of RSV infections.

Keywords : Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV); palivizumab; pediatrics.

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