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Sanidad Militar
Print version ISSN 1887-8571
Abstract
CHACON-JAIME, MD and AJEJAS-BAZAN, MJ. The application of international humanitarian law in armed conflicts. A systematic review. Sanid. Mil. [online]. 2023, vol.79, n.2, pp.91-106. Epub Feb 05, 2024. ISSN 1887-8571. https://dx.doi.org/10.4321/s1887-85712023000200006.
Objective:
To analyze the importance of applying International Humanitarian Law (IHL) in case of armed conflict.
Methodology:
A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 protocol, including literature reviews, historical articles published in Spanish or English, literature published in the last 5 years (2016-2021) and documents available in full text. Articles that were not related to the objectives set for this work were excluded. Data sources used were: Pubmed, Cinhal, Scopus, Cuiden and Scielo and search engines such as Google Scholar. Keywords and MeSH terms were used. The AMSTAR-II Scale was also used as a methodological quality assessment tool.
Results:
19 articles were chosen at last.
Conclusions:
IHL has an uncertain origin, based on the confluence of customary norms, which evolved and adapted to the development of humanity, until it became a compendium of rules applicable to any armed conflict. The irruption of Nightingale and Dunant was a breakthrough for the development of legislation in the civilian’s rights defense during an armed conflict.
The IHL embraces the need to create a competent international organization to punish war crimes committed by belligerent states.
Keywords : International Humanitarian Law; Armed conflicts; Jean-Henri Dunant; Geneve Convention; International Committee of the Red Cross.