Introduction:

The increase in the number of organ transplants and the poor adherence to the treatments after transplant provokes an alert attitude among the nursing professionals and a public health problem.

Aim:

To know the factors associated with resilience, which influence adherence to treatment, in this case in kidney graft transplantation.

Material and Method:

A cross-sectional and retrospective descriptive study was carried out in adult population transplanted with functioning graft, from January 2012 to June 2016 with ages between 18 and 70 years, of both sexes, self-sufficient in the treatment management; and transplanted in the Marqués de Valdecilla Hospital. Belonging, as partners, to the Alcer Cantabria Association.

Results:

The results obtained, although not being significant due to the sample size, demonstrate a positive influence (3% of the variability) of the resilience in the adherence to the treatment. It is shown that there are significant differences in some of the sociodemographic variables such as professional activity, educational level and age. Likewise, there are differences according to the level of tolerance to negative effects and stress.

Conclusions:

The data reveal a greater risk of non-adherence in the younger age group, so it is necessary to raise awareness of the importance of adherence to treatment. The inverse relationship between low adherence in patients and greater situational control is surprising.