Abstract

RODRIGUEZ-RADA, Cristina et al. Analysis of the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity with cardiovascular risk factors. JONNPR [online]. 2021, vol.6, n.2, pp.411-433.  Epub Oct 16, 2023. ISSN 2529-850X.  https://dx.doi.org/10.19230/jonnpr.3817.

“Diabesity” is a booming concept that refers to individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Both concepts are closely related.

A search of Web Of Science was carried out to carry out a bibliographic review with the aim of establishing the relationship between obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular risk factors.

Adipose tissue is an endocrine gland capable of secreting hormones, cytokines, and vasoactive substances. In obese individuals, this adipose tissue is dysfunctional, secreting certain adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin in an unusual way. So much so, that in obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery, the adiponectin / leptin ratio has been reversed. Furthermore, in an obesogenic environment, adipose tissue displays a proinflammatory phenotype, which helps perpetuate the process of insulin resistance and the consequent development of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

It is important to determine new therapeutic targets for diabesity, such as the GPS2 transcription factor, which shows a decrease in its levels in obese subjects, which predisposes to a pro-diabetic phenotype.

Mi-483-5p has recently been shown to be expressed in relevant tissues of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which predicts its potential as a blood biomarker for these diseases. In conclusion, this review aims to emphasize the importance of controlling cardiovascular risk factors, such as obesity, to prevent the subsequent development of a disease closely related to it, such as type 2 diabetes.

Keywords : obesity; diabetes mellitus type 2; diabesity; adipokines; cardiovascular risk.

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