Introduction:

Low back pain in recent years has become a major public health problem, since different physical activities and factors related to occupation can aggravate the condition, leading to incapacity for work.

Objective:

To identify the factors associated with the development of low back pain in risky occupations in the Peruvian mountains.

Methodology:

Prospective cross-sectional analytical study, developed in Huancayo through surveys of nine occupations at risk of developing low back pain (construction personnel, security guards, police, nurses, cleaning personnel, administrative personnel, teachers, farmers, and taxi drivers). Statistical data were obtained on the association of low back pain and risk factors in these occupations.

Results:

Of the 900 workers evaluated, 98% (797) stated that they had low back pain, being more frequent in men (RPc: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.05-1.10; p = 0.041) associated with that you were older (RPa: 1,004; 95% CI: 1,001-1,006; p = 0.019) and more hours of work per day (RPa: 1,038; 95% CI: 1,022-1,053; p <0.001). A higher frequency of low back pain was found among the watchmen (RPc: 1,23; IC95%: 1,08-1,39; p = 0.002), the construction workers (RPc: 1,29 IC95%: 1,15-1,46; p <0.001), the administrative ones (RPc:1,28; IC95%:1,14-1,44; p <0.001), the cleaning ones (RPc: 1,33; IC95%:1,19-1,49; p = 0.016) and the farmers (RPc:1,33 IC95%: 1,19-1,49; p = 0.001). ; in contrast, those who did more physical activity per week had less low back pain (RPc: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.91-0.96, p <0.001).

Conclusion:

This study concludes that there is a strong relationship between the factors associated with low back pain in these risky occupations; As an older person and more hours of work, the predisposition for low back pain increases, since it is directly related to the position in which they choose to carry out the activity, thus finding a greater association with incapacity for work.

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