Objective:

To determine the main sociodemographic and clinical characteristics present in patients with chronic back pain of the population in Cienfuegos.

Material and Method:

A descriptive study was carried out, as a series of cases, in the months from May to October 2019, at the Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima Hospital in the province of Cienfuegos, Cuba. A causal non probabilistic sampling was performed or to a convenience of voluntary participants. The sample was made up of a total of 70 patients with diagnosis of chronic back pain, initially valued by orthopedic specialization and Physical Rehabilitations, greater than 20 years of age, without cognitive impairment, nor severe psychic disease, which gave their informed consent to participate in the study. The sociodemographic variables were studied: age, sex, school level, occupation and clinical variables: etiological diagnosis, pain intensity, frequency of appearance, time of evolution, type of treatment for relief and disability. The instruments used were: Semi-structured Interview, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Scale. Statistical analysis was performed in the database of the SPSS statistical package.

Results:

patients aged between 41 and 60 years (60.2 %), female (74.3 %), with a higher level (38.6 %) and occupations involving frequent physical exertion prevailed (61, 4 %). Nonspecific etiological diagnosis (62.8 %), severe pain intensity (55.7 %), stable frequency (55.7 %) with more than 5 years of disease progression (48.6 %), predominated. It also highlights medical treatment (85.7 %) and moderate disability (54.3 %).

Conclusions: people at work-related ages are subject to a series of physical factors, typical of the activities of daily life that, in addition, are nuanced by a gender approach that derives from the culture and socialization process.

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