Abstract

GARCIA GOMEZ, María Mercedes. Study of characterization of biohazard accidents in students of the Faculty of Health Sciences: college Institution. Cali. 2013. Enferm. glob. [online]. 2016, vol.15, n.42, pp.199-214. ISSN 1695-6141.

Objectives: To characterize biohazard accidents among students of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Universidad Libre in the exercise of their clinical practice. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study was performed with the application of a self-administered questionnaire, with voluntary participation of students from thenursing and medicine programs of the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Universidad Libre, in Cali,Colombia. Results: The results show 17.1% (41) of students with biohazard accidents during care practices. The most common mechanism of transmission was puncturing with sharp objects in upper limb, represented by 65.9% (27); the second mechanism was the exposure of ocular mucous membranes to blood or body fluids, with 17% (7). The area of greatest clinical occurrence was the Surgical Clinics with 46.2% (19), and Basic and Community with 29.3% (12). Medical studentssuffered 63.4% (26) of accidents, while nursing students 36.6% (15). 41.5% (17) received emergency medical care. In 4.9% (2 students), it was considered necessary the use of post-exposure prophylaxis for the accident. As for the site of occurrence, the highest percentage occurred at extramural level, corresponding to health institutions with which the university has agreements for training care practices. Accidents in the dissection room area, 21.9% (9), correspond exclusively to medical students, which is located within the university headquarters. 43.9% (20) of biohazard accidents were not reported by the students who suffered them. Conclusions: Biohazard accidents are frequent for undergraduate students in clinical areas of Basic and Community, and mostly in Surgical Clinics, probably due to more instrumentation use. 9.5% of students of the faculty does not use any protection. So it is recommended a strengtheningprogram that includes preventing actions and promotion of adherence to the rules of standard caution, monitoring modifications of risk practices aimed at undergraduate students of the Faculty of Health.

Keywords : Biological Accidents; Students; Faculty; Medicine; Nursing.

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