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Nutrición Hospitalaria
On-line version ISSN 1699-5198Print version ISSN 0212-1611
Abstract
MU, Lisha et al. Effect of sodium reduction based on the DASH diet on blood pressure in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes. Nutr. Hosp. [online]. 2022, vol.39, n.3, pp.537-546. Epub Oct 17, 2022. ISSN 1699-5198. https://dx.doi.org/10.20960/nh.04039.
Objectives:
to evaluate the effect of sodium reduction based on a modified DASH diet on blood pressure in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes.
Material and methods:
sixty-one hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes were selected from the community and randomly allocated to a common salt group and low sodium salt group receiving the 8-week dietary intervention, in which weeks 1-2 was the dietary guidance phase, weeks 3-4 was the centralized feeding phase, and weeks 5-8 was the home medical care phase. Participants were followed up in the hospital once a week to collect information on outpatient blood pressure, salt, and drug use. Physical examinations were conducted at 4 weeks and the end of the intervention, as well as at baseline.
Results:
after the intervention, the blood pressure of both the low sodium group (SBP: -14.32 mmHg, p < 0.001; DBP: -6.32mmHg, p < 0.001) and the common salt group (SBP: -10.98 mmHg, p < 0.001; DBP: -5.24 mmHg, p = 0.001) decreased significantly with a more pronounced decrease in the low sodium group but no statistically significant differences between the two groups (SBP: -0.28 mmHg, p = 0.929; DBP: -3.32 mmHg, p = 0.093). At the end of the intervention, sodium intake was significantly decreased, but potassium intake was increased in the low sodium group (p < 0.05); however, the common salt group had no significant change.
Conclusion:
reducing sodium intake based on the modified DASH diet had a good effect on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes. Sodium reduction based on the modified DASH diet is safe and effective, and can be used as a guide for healthy living in hypertensive patients.
Keywords : Blood pressure; Type 2 diabetes; Hypertension; DASH diet; Low sodium salt.