Resumen

DOMINGUEZ, Raúl; GARNACHO-CASTANO, Manuel Vicente  y  MATE-MUNOZ, José Luis. Effects of resistance training in various pathologies. Nutr. Hosp. [online]. 2016, vol.33, n.3, pp.719-733. ISSN 1699-5198.  https://dx.doi.org/10.20960/nh.284.

Strength performance directly affects the health and fitness ability, so resistance training (RT) is included in those exercise programs aimed at improving the health and quality of life. Because many diseases present with altered muscle mass and functionality as the RT is the main form of exercise aimed at improving muscle function, the purpose of this literature review was to expose the current evidence on the adaptations of RT, and their possible application in diseases such as obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cancer, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis or fibromyalgia. The RT in these diseases can increase levels of muscle mass, decreasing body fat levels, levels of fatty acids in blood and blood glucose by increasing insulin sensitivity and decreasing levels of inflammatory cytokines. The RT also improves cardiac output and endothelial function, regulating blood pressure and increasing oxygen consumption. Muscle strength gains improve the functionality and quality of life, especially in people with severe neuromuscular involvement as they could be those suffering from multiple sclerosis, fibromyalgia and Parkinson's. Therefore, the RT should be incorporated as part of treatment in people who have certain types of diseases.

Palabras clave : Physical activity; Health; Exercise; Cardiovascular disease.

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