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Nutrición Hospitalaria
versión On-line ISSN 1699-5198versión impresa ISSN 0212-1611
Resumen
VILAR SANCHEZ, Ángel et al. Maternal underweight and perinatal outcomes: a restrospective cohort study. Nutr. Hosp. [online]. 2017, vol.34, n.3, pp.647-653. ISSN 1699-5198. https://dx.doi.org/10.20960/nh.459.
Introduction:
Some studies have linked maternal underweight with adverse perinatal outcomes such as spontaneous abortion, abruptio placentae, small for gestational age newborn, intrauterine growth retardation and preterm birth.
Objective:
To determine the influence of maternal underweight in the onset of labor, route of delivery, birth weight, Apgar score and preterm birth.
Methods:
Retrospective cohort study. We included pregnant women from the Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real. Period of study: 2002-2011. Study group: underweight at the beginning of gestation (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2). Control group: pregnant women with normal body mass index (BMI) at the beginning of gestation (18.5-24.9 kg/m2). The risk (OR) of induction of labor, cesarean section, small for gestational age newborn, macrosomia, 5' Apgar score < 7, and preterm birth was calculated.
Results:
The prevalence of underweight was 2.5% versus 58.9% of pregnant women who had a normal BMI. We found no significant differences in the rate of induction of labor, fetal macrosomia, Apgar at 5' < 7 or preterm delivery. Maternal underweight was associated with a decreased risk of caesarean section (adjusted OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.89) and an increased risk of small for gestational age newborn (adjusted OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.05 to 2.90).
Conclusions:
Maternal underweight at the start of pregnancy is associated with a lower risk of caesarean section and a greater risk of small for gestational age newborns (birth weight < P10).
Palabras clave : Underweight; Body mass index; Induced labor; Cesarean section; Birth weight; Premature labor.