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Enfermería Nefrológica
versión On-line ISSN 2255-3517versión impresa ISSN 2254-2884
Resumen
GUILLEN-GOMEZ, Irene; BLANCO-GARCIA, Marina; ARANEGA-GAVILAN, Susana y CRESPO-MONTERO, Rodolfo. Neoplastic alterations in the renal transplant patient. A systematic review. Enferm Nefrol [online]. 2022, vol.25, n.3, pp.204-215. Epub 05-Dic-2022. ISSN 2255-3517. https://dx.doi.org/10.37551/52254-28842022021.
Introduction:
Renal transplantation has been considered the best renal replacement therapy for end-stage chronic kidney disease, even though it carries a number of risks among which cancer is increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the impact on this population.
Objective:
To understand and synthesise the scientific evidence on the incidence of neoplasms in renal transplant patients, as well as the related variables.
Methodology:
A systematic review was carried out including 14 articles from Pubmed, Scopus, Scielo, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. The MeSH terms used were: neoplasms, kidney transplantation, incidence, risk, risk factors. Original articles written in English and Spanish, studying adult transplanted population were included.
Results:
Fourteen articles with observational design were included. The main variables that emerged from the review were: overall incidence, demographic data and previous treatments, other associated characteristics, most frequent tumours and preventive measures.
Conclusions:
TThe incidence of neoplasms in transplant patients is high, especially in the older age group and in patients with immunosuppressive treatment with cyclosporine and azathioprine; the latter, together with transplantation from cadaver, being the main risk factors found. Non-melanoma skin cancers are the most prevalent and prevention measures include routine screening, promotion of a healthy lifestyle, and promotion and enhancement of hepatitis B vaccination.
Palabras clave : neoplasms; kidney transplantation; incidence; risk factors.