Introduction:

most arterial thrombosis in a newborn is catheter-related. Anticoagulant therapy is the cornerstone of treatment of acute ischemia. Persistent thrombosis causes limb-length discrepancy and intermittent claudication. Elective arterial revascularization plays a role in the management of chronic limb ischaemia.

Case report:

we present the case of an extremely preterm newborn with femoral artery thrombosis caused in an attempt of vein catheterization. Early anticoagulation therapy was initiated and the limb was preserved with sequelae.

Discussion:

iatrogenic trauma in the femoral artery complicates the course of neonate and children and has a 12-20 % mortality rate. The quick regeneration of the tissue in pediatric age is a protecting factor. Femoral thrombosis in children manifests generally as acute isquemia and its good prognostic is correlated with the plasticity of the pediatric age.

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