Introduction:

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a rare, non-aggressive, slow-growing, painless tumor. It affects patients between the second and third decade of life, being more common in women.

Review:

Commonly, the AOT affects the anterior maxilla, associated to the crown and part of the root of an unerupted tooth (follicular, 70%), or not associated to an unerupted tooth (extrafolicular, 24%). Radiographically, AOT appears as a radiolucency with a well-defined sclerotic border. It can be completely radiolucent or contain radiopaque foci in 2/3 of cases. Histopathological analysis shows an external capsule composed of fibrous connective tissue surrounding a nodular pattern of fusiform epithelial cells, with a characteristic rosette configuration. It also has tubular structures and spherical calcifications. A case of an extrafollicular AOT in mandible with unusual location and atypical imaging is reported. A 10-year-old female patient, with a well-defined radiolucent lesion, with sclerotic borders, located in the canine mandibular region was evaluated. Imaging tests discarded various radiolucent pathologies. The presumptive diagnosis of AOT was confirmed by histopathological analysis.

Conclusions:

Mandibular extrafollicular AOT is an infrequent tumor which requires adequate imaging to observe its characteristics and to differentiate it from other radiolucent lesions with internal radiopacities. It is important the confirmation of the diagnosis by histopathological examination.

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