Resumen

ESTEVA, Magdalena et al. Adaptation and validation of a questionnaire on susceptibility, benefits and barriers in breast cancer screening with mammography. Gac Sanit [online]. 2007, vol.21, n.4, pp.282-289. ISSN 0213-9111.

Objectives: To adapt the «health belief model» on breast cancer screening to Spanish, and to asses its validity and reliability. Methods: We assessed validation of a scale with 3 dimensions (susceptibility, benefits and barriers) with Likert responses in a case-control study. Cases were women not participating in a breast cancer screening program and controls consisted of participating women. A process of translation and back-translation was carried out and a technical committee analyzed discrepancies. Comprehension was tested in 17 women. Two hundred seventy-four women participated in the study. In 32 of these women, the questionnaire was administered twice after a 1-month interval to estimate its reliability. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.89, 0.70 and 0.90, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.71, 0.48 and 0.57 for susceptibility, benefits and barriers, respectively. Construct validity: from the factorial analysis, 3 factors were obtained explaining 34% of the variance. The confirmatory factorial analysis indicated acceptable goodness-of-fit of the data to the theoretical model. Older women perceived less susceptibility to breast cancer as well as greater barriers to attending screening. Women with a lower educational level perceived greater barriers. The scale did not seem to predict adherence to the program. Conclusions: The adapted scale presents problems of validity and internal consistency. The dimensions of benefits and barriers require thorough adaptation and validation before the scale is used in Spanish women.

Palabras clave : Validation studies; Scales; Health behavior; Breast neoplasms; Mass screening; Mammography.

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